Coping with Central European climate – xylem adjustment in seven non-native conifer tree species

The introduction of tree species raises the question whether they find suitable conditions in their secondary range and can successfully adapt to new context an unstable climate. Stem growth trees changes xylem cell structure make it possible trace adaptation process climate on inter- intra-seasonal scale. objective this study was determine seven non-native conifer Central Europe differ sensitivity what extent late frost spring-summer drought influence changes. In our study, we investigated pattern modifications introduced Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pinus strobus, Tsuga canadensis, Abies grandis, banksiana, rigida, nigra, growing under uniform Poland. To species-specific temporal variations sensitivity, used stationary non-stationary correlations ring width with daily variables: mean, minimum, maximum temperatures, precipitation sum, SPEI, supported by a pointer-year analysis. Changes (frost rings intra-annual density fluctuations) were analyzed using light fluorescence microscopy. Warming winter-spring period benefits both southern European North American conifers, as reflected extended responsiveness period. However, season warms risk frosts increases, potential for acclimatization decreases, especially respect juvenile phase. Negative evapotranspiration balance at lead reduced anomalies earlywood structure, commonly referred intra annual fluctuations. P. that loses frost-induced cambium damage drought-induced summer is fastest species, along menziesii. Although results presented here show limitations coniferous obvious related local environmental different ages us cautious generalizing conclusions. Therefore, call creation pan-European dendro-network sites species.